Osteoporosis is a bone condition characterized by the increase in the size of the honeycomb-like mesh interior inside a bone. The increased internal spaces make the bone less dense and weak. Typically the wrists, ribs, hips, and spine are affected. 

Popular treatment options
With incurable and progressive diseases like osteoporosis, patients must work together with doctors to develop an implementable treatment plan to improve their quality of life. And this could include medication, supplements, exercise, and lifestyle modifications that slow the breakdown and even attempt to strengthen existing bones and spur the growth of new ones. Here are some popular treatment options. 

1. Medication
The most commonly prescribed medication for osteoporosis patients is bisphosphonates. When taken orally or via injections, these help maintain bone mass. It includes tablets like Actonel and Fosamax. However, the formation of ulcers is a side effect of such medicines. Zoledronic acid, a venal infusion, helps increase bone strength and reduce the risk of fractures. Doctors generally prescribe tablets be taken weekly or monthly, and the intravenous infusion is given once a year. Nausea, vomiting, and bone pain are, unfortunately, prevalent side effects after a dose. There are also hormone regulating tablets like Evista, Forteo, and Tymlos that help to combat osteoporosis. 

2. Hormone replacement therapy
Hormones like estrogen and progestin have a protective effect on bones. And that is why osteoporosis is closely linked to menopause; as the levels of these hormones decline, bone density does as well. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a standard treatment measure taken to prevent and combat osteoporosis in women, especially post-menopause. HRT helps preserve bones and prevent fractures. However, there are some associated side effects, like increased risk of cancer, stroke, and heart disease. 

3. Dietary modifications
Apart from medication and hormones, diet plays a vital role in treating osteoporosis. Calcium is perhaps the most important nutrient for healthy bones. Typically, women below 50 years need 1000 mg, and beyond that age, 1200mg is necessary every day. For men, 1000mg is sufficient till 70 years of age, after which 1200mg is the recommended value. Vitamin D is needed to absorb calcium. There are only a few natural sources of this nutrient, like a few varieties of fish and sunlight, so osteoporosis patients might have to look for fortified foods or supplements. Other nutrients required are zinc, magnesium, vitamin K and proteins. 

4. Exercises
Exercise is necessary for maintaining bone health, which is linked to the muscular system.
Weight-bearing exercises show excellent effects, and climbing stairs, walking, and swimming also go a long way in improving bone health. Doctors sometimes also recommend resistance bands and dumbbells. The push and pull of the muscles cause new bone formation and increases bone mass and density.

5. Alternate treatment options
Herbal supplements are also known to provide a lot of relief. For example, red clover and black cohosh are said to promote bone health. However, always ensure to check with a doctor before taking alternate medication. These can cause unusual side effects and interfere with other medicines.